Child Development Case Study Essay -- Child Development Theory

From the video observation, the two three-year old children, Thomas and Riley set off on a bus journey along with their childminder; it is observed that both the children speak about their journey, in which they are able to identify various features, which include the passengers; various buildings and different types of buses. Both children observe many of the features by taking photographs to highlight what they have observed on their journey. From observation, the video looks at the way the childminder plans the experience from a child-initiated stance, which directs the children’s learning in addition with assisting them with role-play and symbolic play, which is shown towards the end of the video. Thus, this essay will focus on the importance of early physical development within the Early Years framework, as well as the influence of the family with reference to the children along with the childminder. I shall link theory to practice from observation, by recounting both the boy’s bus journey, using a number of hypothetical methods, as well as emphasising the social and emotional development equally with cognitive development. However in particular, I will address the cognitive development, by doing so, a whole approach is required regarding both the children’s development, as children are seen as individuals and that each area of their development cannot be divided into different sections. So in order to accentuate the whole approach, it is imperative that the two boy’s development is seen from a holistic perspective. Furthermore, not only does the children’s development depend on their own developmental process, additionally the family, as well as the child minder will have an influential effect on the relationship of both ch... ...Early Childhood. 2nd ed. London: SAGE Publications. Bruner, J. (1986) Actual Minds, Possible Worlds. USA: Harvard University Press. Department of Education (Dcfs) (2010) it’s child’s play Early Years Foundation Stage [online]. [Assessed 7 December 2010]. Available at: . Keenan, T. and Evans, S. (2009) An Introduction to Child Development. 2nd ed. London: SAGE publications. Malim, T. and Birch, A. (1998) Introductory Psychology. London: MACMILLAN Press. Penn, H. (2008) Understanding early childhood. 2nd ed. Berkshire: Open University Press. Piaget, J. and Inhelder, B. (1969) The Psychology of the Child. London: Routledge. Smidt, S. (2007) A Guide to Early Years Practice. 3rd ed. Oxon: Routledge. Woodhead, M and Oates, J. (eds). (2007) Attachment Relationships. Milton Keynes: The Open University.

Competencies Difference Between Adn vs Bsn

Running head: Differences in competencies between ADN and BSN The Differences in competencies between nurses prepared at the associate-degree level versus the baccalaureate-degree level in nursing Mini Anthony Grand Canyon University: NRS 430v Professional Dynamics 01/08/11 ? The Differences in competencies between nurses prepared at the associate-degree level versus the baccalaureate-degree level in nursing The nursing training or education started in 1860, after the Crimean war. This program was started by Florence Nightingale, based on her experience caring for the sick and injured soldiers during the war. The first nursing school was established in London. During the United States civil war, the American women proved the capability of skilled nursing to provide better care for the sick and injured in the war. There was decrease in morbidity and mortality in the war camps. This motivated the women in the United States to form training schools for nurses based on the nightingale model (Woolsey, 1950; Dock, 1907). In the year1923 there was a recommendation, that the entry level of education for a professional nurse be a Bachelor of Science in nursing degree. As the years passed there was a severe shortage of nurses, to compensate this Mildred Montag, in the year 1951, found the Associate Degree in Nursing program. Associate degree nursing was a two year program. As the Associate Degree nursing flourished, the diploma education in nursing started to disappear. Associate degree programs produced more graduate nurses, than the Bachelor of Science and diploma nursing. Both associate degree graduate and baccalaureate degree graduate take the same NCLEX board exam for licensing and enter the same job. The fast growing complex health care and broadening clinical knowledge are forcing nurses have educational preparation appropriate to the various demands. Since health care is moving towards primary and preventive care in the community, it requires nurses who can work both in the hospital care setting as well as the community. Nurses need to function independently, making clinical decisions, providing direct bedside care, case management, and providing education to patient and family in regards to treatment, disease condition and how to adapt a healthy life style. The nurses with baccalaureate degrees are prepared for this. Difference between associate degree nurse and baccalaureate degree nursing The associate degree nurses are capable of working in a structured environment. They are good at bedside care, handling the equipment, and providing basic nursing care. The baccalaureate prepared nurses are good at what the associate degree nurses do, in addition to more complex care, leadership, management skill and patient education. They also construct and plan a thorough nursing care plan during the entire stay of a patient from the time of admission to discharge. Practice The graduates from associate degree programs work in the hospital environment. The baccalaureate graduate can work in the hospital, as well outside the hospital in the community, providing primary and preventive care needed in the community. Technology The A D N graduate does not have research skills that are used in nursing, also technological advances that enhances the medical care delivery. When it comes to BSN graduate they are trained to handle technical problems that need critical thinking, leading to research and the use of technology to provide nursing care. Education The associate degree in nursing is fast and easily available. It can be completed in two years if all the pre-requisites are completed. It costs less and prepares nurses clinically competent at bedside care. The baccalaureate degree nursing is expensive, and takes four years to complete. It prepares nurses for acute care and community care, and also trains in leadership and management. As the health care system is moving forward for primary care and management, prevention and cost effective care, it needs nurses who can work in a non-structured environment and be involved directly with the community providing health and prevention care. This requires baccalaureate nursing graduates. The demand for BSN is increasing and some states are making it mandatory. In the future the associate nursing degree may disappear as the diploma in nursing program disappeared. Many hospitals are moving towards getting magnet status; this poses an importance on nurses getting baccalaureate degrees. They encourage their nurses to achieve it by providing tuition reimbursement and other incentives. The employment opportunity for BSN nurses are increasing and A DN opportunities are decreasing slowly. Research has proved the need for baccalaureate nurses, based on the studies in acute care hospital where the mortality rate is reduced, and improved patient satisfaction was noted. Now the universities provide various choices for nurses who want to pursue their higher education as to meet the upcoming changes and standards. It can be done while working and at our pace and we get our degree with advanced knowledge and skills to meet the changing health care system. ? References Creasia, Joan L. , Friberg, Elizabeth E. (102010). Conceptual Foundations: The Bridge to Professional Nursing Practice [5] (VitalSource Bookshelf), Retrieved from http://pagebursts. elsevier. com/books/978-0-323-06869-7/id/b9780323068697100029 _p0100 Taylor, D. (2008). Should the entry into nursing Practice be the Baccalaureate degree? AORN Journal, 87(3), 611. Lane,S. , & Kohlenberg,E. (2010). The future of baccalaureate degrees for nurses. Nursing Forum, 45(4) 218-227 doi:10. 1111/j. 1744-6198-2010-00194. x Disparities in competencies between bsn and adn, rn nurses. (2011, september 12). Retrieved from http://academicwritingtips. org/competent/k2/item/4113-disparities-in-competencies Nursing articles to bsn or not to bsn-that is the nurse's question. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. nursingdegree. net/articles/se060326-bsn-nurse-htm

The Financial Performance of Low-Cost and Full-Service...

The Financial Performance of Low-Cost and Full-Service Airlines in Times of Crisis Triant Flouris, Thomas John Walker. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences. Halifax: Mar 2005. Vol. 22, Iss. 1; pg. 3, 18 pgs Abstract This paper examines the stock and accounting performance of three major airlines in the United States in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. September 11 (9/11) resulted in dramatic changes in the airline industry and had significant implications for the economic gains and future prospects of most airlines. Our study focuses on the stock markets perception of the viability of low-cost versus full-service business models in the aftermath of 9/11. We choose Southwest Airlines as a typical†¦show more content†¦Lawton (2003) advances the argument that low-cost carriers (LCCs) were in a position to go on the offensive and aggressively exploit the changed industry climate after 9/11 by renegotiating labour contracts, by negotiating lower prices for new airplanes in what had suddenly become a buyers market for new aircraft, and by pursuing aggressive pricing strategies to increase their market share relative to legacy carriers. Legacy carriers, being exposed to a significantly higher overhead burden, were forced into defensive strategies that provided them with little operational flexibility. These developments are difficult to observe in the airlines accounting figures in the short term, but if they are perceived to change a firms future cash flows they should be reflected in the markets valuation of the firms stock. 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